Introduction to the principles and operation methods of tensile testing machine

Measuring principle of tensile machine:

1.The force value of the tensile testing machine is measured through a load cell, amplifier and data processing system. Under the premise of small deformation, the strain e at a certain point of an elastic element is proportional to the force on the elastic element, and also proportional to the elastic deformation. Taking the S-type testing machine sensor as an example, when the sensor is subjected to the effect of tensile force P, since a strain gauge is attached to the surface of the elastic element, and the strain of the elastic element is proportional to the magnitude of the external force P, the strain gauge is connected to the measurement circuit. , you can measure its output voltage and then measure the force.

2. The deformation of the tensile machine is measured through the deformation measuring device, which is used to measure the deformation of the sample during the experiment. The device has two chucks, which are connected to the photoelectric encoder installed on the top of the measuring device through a series of mechanical mechanisms. When the distance between the two chucks changes, the shaft of the photoelectric encoder is driven to rotate, and the photoelectric encoder There will be a pulse signal output. This signal is then processed by the processor, and the deformation of the sample can be obtained.

3. The principle of measuring the displacement of the tensile machine beam is roughly the same as that of the deformation measurement. The displacement of the beam is obtained by measuring the output pulse number of the photoelectric encoder.

How to operate:

(1) Regarding the loading and unloading of specimens: The round specimen is clamped in the center of the round jaw clamp, and the specimen is clamped. The flat specimen must be perpendicular to the fixture and cannot be skewed. The clamping part must be long enough, at least 3/4 of the length of the clamping block. When the upper and lower chucks are clamped, it is prohibited to raise or lower the beam.

(2) Regarding force value clearing: used to display sampled data, there is a sensor bar on the main interface of the software. The electronic tensile testing machine can display the values of 4 types of sensors, namely test force, displacement, extensometer, and peak force. Usually after clamping the test piece and installing the extensometer, each sensor must be cleared before the test can be started. However, the reset of the force sensor is more special. First, clamp the upper chuck of the stretching fixture, then adjust the lower beam to the appropriate position, clear the force value, and then clamp the lower chuck.

(3) Permanent deformation: After the load is removed, the material still remains deformed.

(4) Yield point: When the material is stretched on an electronic tensile testing machine, the deformation increases but the stress remains unchanged. This point is the yield point. The yield point is divided into upper and lower yield points, and the upper yield point is usually used as the yield point. Yield: The load exceeds the proportional limit and is no longer proportional to the extension. The load will drop suddenly, and then fluctuate up and down over a period of time, and the extension will change greatly. This phenomenon is called yielding.

(5) Yield strength: When stretching, the load at which the permanent elongation reaches a certain specified value is divided by the original cross-sectional area of the parallel part.

(6) Spring K value: the ratio of the weight of the force in the same phase as the deformation and the deformation.

(7) Effect elasticity and hysteresis loss.

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Precautions for using ICI pilling and pilling instrument

The ICI pilling tester is suitable for detecting the pilling phenomenon caused by friction on the fabric surface without pressure, and is suitable for woven and knitted fabrics.

Meet the standards:

ASTM D3939, GB/T 11047, JIS L1058

Scope of application:

The ICI hammer-type snagging tester can quickly detect the ease of fabric snagging (that is, the yarn is hooked out of the fabric) under normal wearing conditions.

Product introduction:

This instrument is equipped with an observation box and comparison pattern cards of different fabric structures. Equipped with 4 test rollers (covered with the fabric to be tested), the hammer ball is a tungsten carbide head and is controlled by a predetermined electronic counter.

Instrument description:

This tester is suitable for testing knitted and woven outerwear fabrics and other fabrics that are prone to snagging. It is especially suitable for testing the snagging performance of chemical fiber filaments and their deformed yarn fabrics.

Precautions for using ICI Pilling Tester:

1. The voltage should be maintained stable during use to avoid burning out the power supply.

2. Clean the cork liner regularly with a suitable cleaning solvent, such as industrial methylated spirit or trichloroethane.

3. When replacing the experimental tube, the new experimental tube must be inspected before use.

4. Regularly check whether the control panel buttons and screws in various parts are normal.

5. Clean the instrument before and after each experiment to ensure that all lint and debris are removed from the box.

6. The reference fabric should be retested every six months and compared with the original test specimen.


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Cleaning Method of Condenser in Rapid Temperature Change Test Chamber

Cleaning Method of Condenser in Rapid Temperature Change Test Chamber

Rapid temperature change test chamber is a kind of high-precision and high-stability experimental equipment, which can carry out temperature changes in a short time to test the performance changes of materials and products at different temperatures. It is mainly used to detect the performance of products under rapid temperature changes and limit temperature conditions, and is widely used in semiconductor chips, scientific research institutions, quality inspection, new energy, optoelectronic communications, aerospace military industry, automotive industry, LCD display, medical and other science and technology industries.

After handing over the machine to the customer, in addition to instructing the precautions of equipment operation, it will also emphasize the daily maintenance of the equipment. After a long period of operation, Rapid temperature change test chamber should pay special attention to the maintenance of the refrigeration system, because the refrigeration system is not only a complex manufacturing process but also the core of the equipment refrigeration, and the next will focus on understanding the cleaning method of the condenser in the refrigeration unit.

1, Chemical pickling and scaling

For vertical and horizontal shell and tube condensers, the chemical pickling method can be used, and the weakly acidic detergent can be prepared in the pickling tank. After the pickling pump is turned on and run for 24 hours, the pickling pump is turned off, and the circular steel brush is used to brush the tube wall of the condenser back and forth, and the water is washed until all the dirt or rust stains and the scaling solution remain in the tube are clean.

2, Mechanical scaling

First, the refrigerant in the vertical shell and tube condenser is extracted, and all the valves connected to the condenser are closed, and then cooling water is normally supplied to the condenser. Use the bevel gear connected with the flexible shaft pipe washer (the diameter of the hob should be selected to be smaller than the inner diameter of the cooling pipe to scratch the inner wall) in the condenser from the top down rotary rolling mode to remove scale, because the circulating cooling water and the friction of the pipe wall generate heat, can help dirt and rust and other dirt directly washed out of the pool. After the end of descaling, drain the water in the condensate pool, clean up the dirt, and refill the water.

3, Electronic magnetic water scaling

At normal temperature, the electron magnetic water can dissolve calcium, magnesium and other salts in the cooling water of the condenser as positive and negative ions in the water. Electron magnetic water can change its crystallization conditions, can loosen the structure, reduce the tensile and compressive capacity, so that it can not form a hard scale with strong bonding force, and is converted into loose mud with the flow of cooling water and discharged.

The above is the scientific method of cleaning the condenser dirt of rapid temperature change test chamber.

Rapid Temperature Change Test Chamber

Construction and System Software of Two-zone Thermal Shock Test Chamber

Construction and System Software of Two-zone Thermal Shock Test Chamber

Construction of Two-zone Thermal Shock Test Chamber:

1, Construction mode of environmental test chamber:

Environmental test chamber is composed of a high temperature test chamber located at the upper end, a low temperature test chamber located below, a freezer cabinet located at the back and a home appliance control chamber (system software) located on the right. In this way, the shell occupies a small area, compact structure, beautiful appearance design, the freezer unit is placed in a separate generator chamber body, in order to reduce the vibration and noise of the freezer unit operation on the environmental test chamber harm, in addition to the installation and maintenance of the generator set, the household appliance operation panel is placed on the right panel of the environmental test chamber to facilitate the operation of the actual operation;

2, Shell surface raw materials: cold-rolled plate, surface electrostatic powder spraying solution;

3, The shell cavity raw materials: imported stainless steel plate (SUS304);

4, Thermal insulation material: heat resistant hard plastic polyamine ester foam + foam glass plate;

5, The door: single door, equipped with double silicone rubber sealing and sealing rubber strip heating equipment, under the self-limiting temperature heating zone, to avoid the experiment essence and frost;

6, Test rack: move up and down left and right sliding type stainless steel plate test rack. The pneumatic double-effect cylinder shows a stable and symmetrical driving force. The positioning device of the test rack uses an electromagnetic field triggered limit switch;

7, Cable wire installation hole: the upper end of the test rack and the top of the high temperature test chamber is provided with a telescopic cable threading tube.

Air conditioning system software of two-zone thermal shock test chamber: 

1, Gas control method: forced circulation system natural ventilation, balanced temperature control method (BTC). The method refers to the refrigeration unit in the continuous operation of the condition, the automatic control system according to the temperature point set according to the PID automatic and operational output results to manipulate the electric heater's heart output, the ultimate UI will exceed this stable balance.

2, Gas circulation system equipment: embedded central air conditioning room, air supply mode channel and stainless steel plate short-axis exhaust fan, the application of refrigeration unit and kinetic energy adjustment system software, according to the exhaust fan to carry out a reasonable heat exchanger, more than the purpose of maintaining temperature change. According to the improved air flow of the gas, the total gas flow and the working capacity of the heat exchanger with the electric heater and the surface cooler are improved.

3, Evaporative cooling method: fin type air heat exchanger.

4. Gas heating method: select nickel-chromium wire electric heater.

two-zone thermal shock test chamber

Definition and Use of Temperature Cycling Test Chamber

Definition and Use of Temperature Cycling Test Chamber

Temperature cycling test chamber is a kind of laboratory equipment widely used in various industries, its main function is to cycle the product within a certain temperature range to simulate the operation of the product in different temperature environments. The equipment is an important tool to realize product reliability testing, quality control and product performance evaluation.

The temperature cycling test chamber is widely used and can be used for testing in various fields, such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, electric power, medical and other fields. In the aerospace sector, temperature cycle test chambers are used to test the performance of aircraft components at extreme temperatures to ensure their reliability in extreme environments. In the automotive field, the temperature cycle test chamber is used to test the performance of automotive components under different temperature and humidity conditions to ensure that the car can operate normally in a variety of environments. In the field of electronics and power, temperature cycling test chambers are used to test the performance and reliability of electronic equipment under different temperature conditions to ensure that the equipment can operate stably for a long time. In the medical field, temperature cycling test chambers are used to test the performance and reliability of medical equipment under different temperature and humidity conditions to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

The working principle of the temperature cycling test chamber is to carry out the cycling test by controlling the temperature and humidity in the chamber. The device has a variety of temperature control modes, such as constant temperature control, programmed temperature control, programmed temperature control, etc., which can be selected according to needs. During the test process, the temperature cycling test chamber will place the product in different temperature environments for testing to simulate the use of the product in different environments. After the test is completed, users can improve and upgrade the product according to the test results to improve the reliability and performance of the product.

In short, the temperature cycling test chamber is a laboratory equipment widely used in various industries, and its main function is to cycle the product within a certain temperature range to simulate the operation of the product in different temperature environments. The equipment can be used for testing in various fields, such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, power, medical and other fields, and is an important tool to achieve product reliability testing, quality control and product performance evaluation.

Temperature Cycling Test Chamber

Environmental Test Chambers-Reliability Tests

Environmental Test Chambers-Reliability Tests

Environmental resistance test:

Temperature cycle test, temperature and humidity resistance test, impact test

Durability test:

High and low temperature preservation test, continuous switch operation test, continuous action test

Temperature cycle:

a. No boot test: 60℃/6 hours ← Rising and cooling for 30 minutes →-10℃/6 hours, 2cycle

b. Boot test: 60℃/4 hours ← Rising and cooling 30 minutes →0℃/6 hours, 2cycle, power supply without packaging and load

Temperature and humidity test:

No power test: 60℃/95%R.H./48 hours

Boot test: 60℃/95%R.H./24 hours/no packaging power supply load

Impact test: impact distance 3m, slope 15 degrees, six sides

Humidity test: 40℃/90%R.H./8 hours ←→25℃/65%R.H./16 hours, 10cycle)

High and low temperature preservation test: 60℃/95%R.H./72 hours →10℃/72 hours

Continuous switch action test:Complete the switch within one second, shut down for at least three seconds, 2000 times, 45℃/80%R.H.

Continuous action test: 40℃/85%R.H./72 hours/power on

High And Low Temperature Test Chamber

Heat Dissipation Method of Thermal Shock Test Chamber Refrigeration Unit

Heat Dissipation Method of Thermal Shock Test Chamber Refrigeration Unit

Generally speaking, thermal shock test chamber is divided into two refrigeration methods: air-cooled and water-cooled. The accuracy of the test results not only depends on the excellent process quality of the equipment itself, but also is closely related to the cooling efficiency of the refrigeration unit. So what factors affect the heat dissipation efficiency?

In short, the air-cooled type has the greatest impact on its heat dissipation efficiency or environmental factors. For water-cooled refrigeration units, the key factor is the water tower configured as a fixed equipment, the following is the method of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of different cooling methods.

Firstly, air-cooled thermal shock test chamber:

Reason: Because the heat dissipation of the air-cooled refrigeration unit mainly relies on the electronic fan to dissipate a large amount of heat through the fin. If the environment is very dusty, the equipment is affected by the wind, a lot of dust will adhere to the fan and fins. Although less dust does not have any effect on the air-cooled refrigeration unit, when the dust on the fins continues to increase, it will directly affect the heat dissipation effect of the air-cooled refrigeration unit, resulting in poor heat dissipation effect and the corresponding cooling capacity.

1, The user should provide a relatively clean use environment for the air-cooled refrigeration unit (smooth ventilation is the best), and try to stay away from the harm of all kinds of dust. This will extend the frequency of inefficient operation of air-cooled refrigeration units because there is more dust in the environment, and give the unit equipment a safe and stable operation environment.

2, Keep the equipment clean and tidy, and clean the fins regularly. Can be washed with wind and tap water, if the environment is harsh, the dust impurities on the fins are more oil, then rinse with tap water first, and then spray on cleaning dust, after 10 minutes or so, and then repeatedly rinse with tap water. After using the air-cooled refrigeration unit for a period of time, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive cleaning for the environment and the machinery and equipment.

Secondly, water-cooled thermal shock test chamber:

Reason: Since most of the water tower is installed outside, it needs to withstand strong light radiation, higher temperature, and fast water evaporation, which is easy to cause insufficient water flow in the cooling water circulation, and finally cause poor cooling effect and even high pressure alarm.

1, Timely water supply.

2, Check whether the water supply valve is abnormal.

3, Check the running status of the water tower, if abnormal, it needs to be adjusted to normal state in time.

4, Clean the pipeline filter.

5, Keep the water source clean.

The main policy to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the air-cooled thermal shock test chamber is to place the chiller outdoors, avoid direct sunlight as far as possible, and make a protective shed for the equipment if conditions exist. If it must be placed indoors, it is better to put it next to the window to maintain good ventilation, or install an air pipe to draw hot air to the outside.

two-zone thermal shock test chamber

three-zone thermal shock test chamber

Industrial Computer Reliability Test Solutions

Industrial Computer Reliability Test Solutions

Constant temperature and humidity machine

Industrial computers can be divided into three categories according to their application attributes:

(1) Board class: includes Single Board Computer (SBC), Embedded board (Embedded Board), Black Plane, PC/104 module.

(2) Subsystem class: includes single-board computers, boards, chassis, power supplies and other peripherals combined into operational subsystems, such as industrial servers and workstations.

(3) System integration solutions: refers to a set of systems developed for a professional field, including the required software and hardware and surrounding, such as automatic teller machines (ATMs). The application of industrial computers widely covers ATM, POS, medical electronic equipment, game machines, gambling equipment, etc. The multi-field industry makes industrial computers must be able to withstand the use of sunlight, high and low temperature, wet and other environments, so the relevant reliability test is the focus of various manufacturers in the research and development test.

Common reliability tests for industrial computers:

Wide temperature test

Wide temperature range: according to the actual application environment can be divided into four categories:

1, Outdoor: especially for the extreme low temperature or high temperature areas, such as northern Europe and desert countries, the temperature range can be from -50 to 70°C.

2, Confined Spaces: for example, where a heat source is generated, such as near a boiler, the high temperature range is about 70°C3. Mobile equipment: such as vehicle equipment, the high temperature can be 90°C4 depending on the car area. Special harsh environment: such as aerospace equipment, oil drilling equipment.

Aging stress test

Aging stress test: The temperature range is from -40°C to 85°C, and the temperature variation rate is 10 °C per minute for cyclic testing

Constant temperature and humidity machine - standard type

The purpose of the machine is to simulate the product under the combined conditions of temperature and humidity in the climate environment (high and low temperature operation & storage, temperature cycle, high temperature and high humidity, low temperature and low humidity, dew test... Etc.), to detect whether the adaptability and characteristics of the product itself have changed. ※ Must meet the requirements of international standards (IEC, JIS, GB, MIL...) To achieve international consistency of measurement procedures (including test procedures, conditions, methods)

Test item: Wide temperature test

Thermal shock machine - stress screening testing machine

Temperature cycling stress screening is the product in the design strength limit, the use of temperature acceleration technology (in the upper and lower extremal temperature of the cycle, the product produces alternating expansion and contraction) to change the external environmental stress, so that the product produces thermal stress and strain, By accelerating the stress to make the potential defects in the product emerge [potential parts material defects, process defects, process defects], in order to avoid the product in the use process, the test of environmental stress sometimes lead to failure, causing unnecessary losses, for improving the product delivery yield and reducing the number of repair has a significant effect, in addition, the stress screen itself is a process stage process. Rather than a reliability test, stress screening is a 100% procedure performed on the product.

Test item: Aging stress test